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Cirrhosis
End-stage liver disease characterized by fibrosis and nodular regeneration that distort liver architecture.
Causes include chronic viral hepatitis, alcohol-related liver disease, NASH, autoimmune hepatitis, and hereditary disorders (hemochromatosis, Wilson disease). Complications include portal hypertension, ascites, varices, hepatic encephalopathy, and hepatorenal syndrome. MNT emphasizes adequate energy and protein (1.2 to 1.5 g/kg/day to prevent muscle wasting), sodium restriction for ascites, and BCAA supplementation in encephalopathy.
How one textbook covers it
Krause and Mahan's Food and the Nutrition Care Process, 16th ed. — Chapter 29
Causes include chronic viral hepatitis, alcohol-related liver disease, NASH, autoimmune hepatitis, and hereditary disorders (hemochromatosis, Wilson disease). Complications include portal hypertension, ascites, varices, hepatic encephalopathy, and hepatorenal syndrome. MNT emphasizes adequate energy and protein (1.2 to 1.5 g/kg/day to prevent muscle wasting), sodium restriction for ascites, and BCAA supplementation in encephalopathy.
Related terms
Ascites, Branched-Chain Amino Acids, Hepatic Encephalopathy