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Heart Failure
Inability of the heart to pump blood at a rate sufficient to meet tissue metabolic demand, classified by ejection fraction (HFrEF, HFpEF).
Also: Congestive Heart Failure, HF
Drivers include ischemic heart disease, hypertension, valvular disease, and cardiomyopathy. Cardiac cachexia complicates advanced HF. MNT focuses on sodium restriction (typically 2 g/day), fluid restriction in select patients, alcohol limitation, and maintaining adequate energy and protein to prevent cachexia. Monitor for diuretic-induced electrolyte loss and thiamin deficiency.
How one textbook covers it
Krause and Mahan's Food and the Nutrition Care Process, 16th ed. — Chapter 33
Drivers include ischemic heart disease, hypertension, valvular disease, and cardiomyopathy. Cardiac cachexia complicates advanced HF. MNT focuses on sodium restriction (typically 2 g/day), fluid restriction in select patients, alcohol limitation, and maintaining adequate energy and protein to prevent cachexia. Monitor for diuretic-induced electrolyte loss and thiamin deficiency.
Related terms
Cardiac Cachexia, Cardiovascular Disease, Sodium Restriction